開機adsl自動撥號（1）

資料來源: http://ono.3322.org 我們通常希望有一台機器能經常掛在網上，現在有了adsl包月服務，這已經不是問題。但是最近adsl總是會斷線，當我回家想從公司的機器上拷貝一些文件的時候，有時會發現已經連接不上了。所以我做個程序所要實現的功能有這麼兩個，一是用程序來實現adsl撥號，二是要定時檢測網絡狀態，三是要在啟動機器時運行（既註冊為服務） 我們先看一下如何做一個撥號程序 首先建一個ras撥號的單元文件（這是網上搜集的） unit Ras; interface uses Windows, SysUtils; {$DEFINE WINVER400} const RasUnitVersion = 110; CopyRight : String = ' RasUnit (c) 97-98 F. Piette V1.10 '; rasapi32 = 'rasapi32.dll'; UNLEN = 256; // Maximum user name length PWLEN = 256; // Maximum password length CNLEN = 15; // Computer name length DNLEN = CNLEN; // Maximum domain name length RAS_MaxDeviceType = 16; RAS_MaxPhoneNumber = 128; RAS_MaxIpAddress = 15; RAS_MaxIpxAddress = 21; {$IFDEF WINVER400} RAS_MaxEntryName = 256; RAS_MaxDeviceName = 128; RAS_MaxCallbackNumber = RAS_MaxPhoneNumber; {$ELSE} RAS_MaxEntryName = 20; RAS_MaxDeviceName = 32; RAS_MaxCallbackNumber = 48; {$ENDIF} RAS_MaxAreaCode = 10; RAS_MaxPadType = 32; RAS_MaxX25Address = 200; RAS_MaxFacilities = 200; RAS_MaxUserData = 200; RASCS_OpenPort = 0; RASCS_PortOpened = 1; RASCS_ConnectDevice = 2; RASCS_DeviceConnected = 3; RASCS_AllDevicesConnected = 4; RASCS_Authenticate = 5; RASCS_AuthNotify = 6; RASCS_AuthRetry = 7; RASCS_AuthCallback = 8; RASCS_AuthChangePassword = 9; RASCS_AuthProject = 10; RASCS_AuthLinkSpeed = 11; RASCS_AuthAck = 12; RASCS_ReAuthenticate = 13; RASCS_Authenticated = 14; RASCS_PrepareForCallback = 15; RASCS_WaitForModemReset = 16; RASCS_WaitForCallback = 17; RASCS_Projected = 18; {$IFDEF WINVER400} RASCS_StartAuthentication = 19; RASCS_CallbackComplete = 20; RASCS_LogonNetwork = 21; {$ENDIF} RASCS_SubEntryConnected = 22; RASCS_SubEntryDisconnected= 23; RASCS_PAUSED = $1000; RASCS_Interactive = RASCS_PAUSED; RASCS_RetryAuthentication = (RASCS_PAUSED 1); RASCS_CallbackSetByCaller = (RASCS_PAUSED 2); RASCS_PasswordExpired = (RASCS_PAUSED 3); RASCS_DONE = $2000; RASCS_Connected = RASCS_DONE; RASCS_Disconnected = (RASCS_DONE 1); // If using RasDial message notifications, get the notification message code // by passing this string to the RegisterWindowMessageA() API. // WM_RASDIALEVENT is used only if a unique message cannot be registered. RASDIALEVENT = 'RasDialEvent'; WM_RASDIALEVENT = $CCCD; // TRASPROJECTION RASP_Amb = $10000; RASP_PppNbf = $0803F; RASP_PppIpx = $0802B; RASP_PppIp = $08021; RASP_Slip = $20000; type THRASCONN = THandle; PHRASCONN = ^THRASCONN; TRASCONNSTATE = DWORD; PDWORD = ^DWORD; PBOOL = ^BOOL; TRASDIALPARAMS = packed record dwSize : DWORD; szEntryName : array [0..RAS_MaxEntryName] of Char; szPhoneNumber : array [0..RAS_MaxPhoneNumber] of Char; szCallbackNumber : array [0..RAS_MaxCallbackNumber] of Char; szUserName : array [0..UNLEN] of Char; szPassword : array [0..PWLEN] of Char; szDomain : array [0..DNLEN] of Char; {$IFDEF WINVER401} dwSubEntry : DWORD; dwCallbackId : DWORD; {$ENDIF} szPadding : array [0..2] of Char; end; PRASDIALPARAMS = ^TRASDIALPARAMS; TRASDIALEXTENSIONS = packed record dwSize : DWORD; dwfOptions : DWORD; hwndParent : HWND; reserved : DWORD; end; PRASDIALEXTENSIONS = ^TRASDIALEXTENSIONS; TRASCONNSTATUS = packed record dwSize : DWORD; RasConnState : TRASCONNSTATE; dwError : DWORD; szDeviceType : array [0..RAS_MaxDeviceType] of char; szDeviceName : array [0..RAS_MaxDeviceName] of char; szPadding : array [0..1] of Char; end; PRASCONNSTATUS = ^TRASCONNSTATUS; TRASCONN = packed record dwSize : DWORD; hRasConn : THRASCONN; szEntryName : array [0..RAS_MaxEntryName] of char; {$IFDEF WINVER400} szDeviceType : array [0..RAS_MaxDeviceType] of char; szDeviceName : array [0..RAS_MaxDeviceName] of char; {$ENDIF} szPadding : array [0..0] of Char; end; PRASCONN = ^TRASCONN; TRASENTRYNAME = packed record dwSize : DWORD; szEntryName : array [0..RAS_MaxEntryName] of char; szPadding : array [0..2] of Char; end; PRASENTRYNAME = ^TRASENTRYNAME; TRASENTRYDLG = packed record dwSize : DWORD; hWndOwner : HWND; dwFlags : DWORD; xDlg : LongInt; yDlg : LongInt; szEntry : array [0..RAS_MaxEntryName] of char; dwError : DWORD; Reserved : DWORD; Reserved2 : DWORD; szPadding : array [0..2] of Char; end; PRASENTRYDLG = ^TRASENTRYDLG; TRASPROJECTION = integer; TRASPPPIP = record dwSize : DWORD; dwError : DWORD; szIpAddress : array [0..RAS_MaxIpAddress] of char; end; function RasDialA(RasDialExtensions: PRASDIALEXTENSIONS; PhoneBook : PChar; RasDialParams : PRASDIALPARAMS; NotifierType : DWORD; Notifier : Pointer; RasConn : PHRASCONN ): DWORD; stdcall; function RasGetErrorStringA( uErrorValue : DWORD; // error to get string for szErrorString : PChar; // buffer to hold error string cBufSize : DWORD // size, in characters, of buffer ): DWORD; stdcall; function RasHangupA(RasConn: THRASCONN): DWORD; stdcall; function RasConnectionStateToString(nState : Integer) : String; function RasGetConnectStatusA( hRasConn: THRASCONN; // handle to RAS connection of interest lpRasConnStatus : PRASCONNSTATUS // buffer to receive status data ): DWORD; stdcall; function RasEnumConnectionsA( pRasConn : PRASCONN; // buffer to receive connections data pCB : PDWORD; // size in bytes of buffer pcConnections : PDWORD // number of connections written to buffer ) : DWORD; stdcall function RasEnumEntriesA( Reserved : Pointer; // reserved, must be NIL szPhonebook : PChar; // full path and filename of phonebook file lpRasEntryName : PRASENTRYNAME; // buffer to receive entries lpcb : PDWORD; // size in bytes of buffer lpcEntries : PDWORD // number of entries written to buffer ) : DWORD; stdcall; function RasGetEntryDialParamsA( lpszPhonebook : PChar; // pointer to the full path and filename of the phonebook file lprasdialparams : PRASDIALPARAMS; // pointer to a structure that receives the connection parameters lpfPassword : PBOOL // indicates whether the user's password was retrieved ) : DWORD; stdcall; function RasEditPhonebookEntryA( hWndParent : HWND; // handle to the parent window of the dialog box lpszPhonebook : PChar; // pointer to the full path and filename of the phonebook file lpszEntryName : PChar // pointer to the phonebook entry name ) : DWORD; stdcall; //function RasEntryDlgA( // lpszPhonebook : PChar; // pointer to the full path and filename of the phone-book file // lpszEntry : PChar; // pointer to the name of the phone-book entry to edit, copy, or create // lpInfo : PRASENTRYDLG // pointer to a structure that contains additional parameters // ) : DWORD; stdcall; function RasCreatePhonebookEntryA( hWndParent : HWND; // handle to the parent window of the dialog box lpszPhonebook : PChar // pointer to the full path and filename of the phonebook file ) : DWORD; stdcall; function RasGetProjectionInfoA( hRasConn : THRASCONN; // handle that specifies remote access connection of interest RasProjection : TRASPROJECTION; // specifies type of projection information to obtain lpProjection : Pointer; // points to buffer that receives projection information lpcb : PDWORD // points to variable that specifies buffer size ) : DWORD; stdcall; function RasGetIPAddress: string; implementation {* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *} function RasConnectionStateToString(nState : Integer) : String; begin case nState of RASCS_OpenPort: Result := 'Opening Port'; RASCS_PortOpened: Result := 'Port Opened'; RASCS_ConnectDevice: Result := 'Connecting Device'; RASCS_DeviceConnected: Result := 'Device Connected'; RASCS_AllDevicesConnected: Result := 'All Devices Connected'; RASCS_Authenticate: Result := 'Starting Authentication'; RASCS_AuthNotify: Result := 'Authentication Notify'; RASCS_AuthRetry: Result := 'Authentication Retry'; RASCS_AuthCallback: Result := 'Callback Requested'; RASCS_AuthChangePassword: Result := 'Change Password Requested'; RASCS_AuthProject: Result := 'Projection Phase Started'; RASCS_AuthLinkSpeed: Result := 'Link Speed Calculation'; RASCS_AuthAck: Result := 'Authentication Acknowledged'; RASCS_ReAuthenticate: Result := 'Reauthentication Started'; RASCS_Authenticated: Result := 'Authenticated'; RASCS_PrepareForCallback: Result := 'Preparation For Callback'; RASCS_WaitForModemReset: Result := 'Waiting For Modem Reset'; RASCS_WaitForCallback: Result := 'Waiting For Callback'; RASCS_Projected: Result := 'Projected'; {$IFDEF WINVER400} RASCS_StartAuthentication: Result := 'Start Authentication'; RASCS_CallbackComplete: Result := 'Callback Complete'; RASCS_LogonNetwork: Result := 'Logon Network'; {$ENDIF} RASCS_SubEntryConnected: Result := ''; RASCS_SubEntryDisconnected: Result := ''; RASCS_Interactive: Result := 'Interactive'; RASCS_RetryAuthentication: Result := 'Retry Authentication'; RASCS_CallbackSetByCaller: Result := 'Callback Set By Caller'; RASCS_PasswordExpired: Result := 'Password Expired'; RASCS_Connected: Result := 'Connected'; RASCS_Disconnected: Result := 'Disconnected'; else Result := 'Connection state #' IntToStr(nState); end; end; {* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *} function RasGetIPAddress: string; var RASConns : TRasConn; dwSize : DWORD; dwCount : DWORD; RASpppIP : TRASPPPIP; begin Result := ''; RASConns.dwSize := SizeOf(TRASConn); RASpppIP.dwSize := SizeOf(RASpppIP); dwSize := SizeOf(RASConns); if RASEnumConnectionsA(@RASConns, @dwSize, @dwCount) = 0 then begin if dwCount > 0 then begin dwSize := SizeOf(RASpppIP); RASpppIP.dwSize := SizeOf(RASpppIP); if RASGetProjectionInfoA(RASConns.hRasConn, RASP_PppIp, @RasPPPIP, @dwSize) = 0 then Result := StrPas(RASpppIP.szIPAddress); end; end; end; {* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *} function RasDialA; external rasapi32 name 'RasDialA'; function RasGetErrorStringA; external rasapi32 name 'RasGetErrorStringA'; function RasHangUpA; external rasapi32 name 'RasHangUpA'; function RasGetConnectStatusA; external rasapi32 name 'RasGetConnectStatusA'; function RasEnumConnectionsA; external rasapi32 name 'RasEnumConnectionsA'; function RasEnumEntriesA; external rasapi32 name 'RasEnumEntriesA'; function RasGetEntryDialParamsA; external rasapi32 name 'RasGetEntryDialParamsA'; function RasEditPhonebookEntryA; external rasapi32 name 'RasEditPhonebookEntryA'; //function RasEntryDlgA; external rasapi32 name 'RasEntryDlgA'; function RasCreatePhonebookEntryA; external rasapi32 name 'RasCreatePhonebookEntryA'; function RasGetProjectionInfoA; external rasapi32 name 'RasGetProjectionInfoA'; {* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *} end. 有了這些函數，然後可以做自己的撥號程序了 program AutoDial; {$APPTYPE CONSOLE} uses SysUtils,IniFiles,Windows,Winsock, Ras in 'ras.pas'; var DirPath,EntryName,UserName,PassWord,VisitHost,VisitUrl,VisitParam:string; CheckVisit:Boolean; nRasConnCount: DWORD; aRasConn:array [0..10] of TRASCONN; hRasConn:THRASCONN; f:TIniFile; IsConnected:boolean; procedure LogMessage(Msg:string); var LogFile:TextFile; begin try AssignFile(LogFile,DirPath 'Log.txt'); Append(LogFile); WriteLn(LogFile,DateTimeToStr(Now) ',' Msg); CloseFile(LogFile); WriteLn(DateTimeToStr(Now) ',' Msg); except end; end; function GetIP:string; var IPAddr : String; begin IPAddr := RasGetIPAddress; if IPAddr > '' then result:=IPAddr else result:='Unknown'; end; function InitSocket(var ASocket:TSocket;AAddr:string;APort:integer;ATimeOut:integer):integer; var MyWSA: WSAData; SIN: TSockAddr; begin Result:=0; If WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), MyWSA) <> 0 Then //初始化 Begin WSACleanup; Result:=1; Exit; end; ASocket:=Socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP); //創建socket If ASocket = INVALID_SOCKET Then Begin WSACleanup; Result:=2; Exit; End; SIN.sin_family := AF_INET; SIN.sin_port := htons(APort); SIN.sin_addr.S_addr := inet_addr(PChar(AAddr)); If connect(ASocket, SIN, SizeOf(SIN)) = SOCKET_ERROR Then Begin CloseSocket(ASocket); WSACleanup; Result:=9; Exit; end; if SetSockOpt(ASocket,SOL_SOCKET,SO_RCVTIMEO,PChar(@ATimeOut),SizeOf(ATimeOut))=SOCKET_ERROR then //設置接收超時為3秒 begin CloseSocket(ASocket); WSACleanup; Result:=6; Exit; end; if SetSockOpt(ASocket,SOL_SOCKET,SO_SNDTIMEO,PChar(@ATimeOut),SizeOf(ATimeOut))=SOCKET_ERROR then //設置發送超時為3秒 begin CloseSocket(ASocket); WSACleanup; Result:=7; Exit; end; end; procedure UninitSocket(ASocket:TSocket); begin try CloseSocket(ASocket); //關閉socket WSACleanup; except end; end; procedure AfterConnect; var hSocket: TSocket; SAddr,sendtext:string; Sendbuf:array[0..1024] of char; HostEnt:PHostEnt; begin try if not CheckVisit then begin LogMessage('----------' GetIp '----------'); IsConnected:=True; exit; end; HostEnt:=gethostbyname(pchar(VisitHost)); if HostEnt<>nil then begin with HostEnt^ do SAddr:=Format('%d.%d.%d.%d',[byte(h_addr^[0]),byte(h_addr^[1]),byte(h_addr^[2]),byte(h_addr^[3])]); end; InitSocket(hSocket,SAddr,80,10000); sendtext:='POST ' VisitUrl ' HTTP/1.1' #13#10 'Accept: image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*' #13#10 'Referer: ' #13#10 'Accept-Language: zh-cn' #13#10 'Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded' #13#10 'Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate' #13#10 'User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.0.3705)' #13#10 'Host: ' VisitHost #13#10 'Content-Length: ' inttostr(length(VisitParam)) #13#10 'Connection: Keep-Alive' #13#10 'Cache-Control: no-cache' #13#10 'Cookie: ' #13#10 #13#10 VisitParam #13#10; FillChar(sendbuf,sizeof(sendbuf),0); StrLCopy(sendbuf,PChar(sendtext),length(sendtext)); Send(hSocket,sendbuf,length(sendtext),0); UninitSocket(hSocket); LogMessage('----------' GetIp '----------'); IsConnected:=True; except end; end; procedure Disconnected; begin try if hRasConn <> 0 then begin RasHangUpA(hRasConn); hRasConn:= 0; end; except end; end; procedure GetActiveConn; var dwRet : DWORD; nCB : DWORD; Buf : array [0..255] of Char; begin try aRasConn[0].dwSize := SizeOf(aRasConn[0]); nCB := SizeOf(aRasConn); dwRet := RasEnumConnectionsA(@aRasConn, @nCB, @nRasConnCount); if dwRet <> 0 then begin RasGetErrorStringA(dwRet, @Buf[0], SizeOf(Buf)); LogMessage(Buf); end; except end; end; function GetActiveConnHandle(szName : String) : THRASCONN; var I : Integer; begin GetActiveConn; if nRasConnCount > 0 then begin for I := 0 to nRasConnCount - 1 do begin if StrIComp(PChar(szName), aRasConn[I].szEntryName) = 0 then begin Result := aRasConn[I].hRasConn; Exit; end; end; end; Result := 0; end; function CheckConn(FEntryName:string):boolean; begin hRasConn := GetActiveConnHandle(FEntryName); if hRasConn <> 0 then result:=True else Result:=False; end; procedure RasDialFunc(unMsg : DWORD;FRasConnState : TRASCONNSTATE;FdwError : DWORD); stdcall; var Buf: array [0..255] of Char; begin try LogMessage(RasConnectionStateToString(FRasConnState)); if FRasConnState = RASCS_Connected then begin AfterConnect; end else if FRasConnState = RASCS_Disconnected then begin RasGetErrorStringA(FdwError, @Buf[0], SizeOf(Buf)); LogMessage(Buf); Disconnected; end; except end; end; procedure Dial(FEntryName, FUserName, FPassword : String); var rdParams : TRASDIALPARAMS; dwRet : DWORD; Buf : array [0..255] of Char; begin try hRasConn := GetActiveConnHandle(FEntryName); if hRasConn <> 0 then begin LogMessage('Connection already active'); Exit; end; // setup RAS Dial Parameters FillChar(rdParams, SizeOf(rdParams), 0); rdParams.dwSize := SizeOf(TRASDIALPARAMS); strCopy(rdParams.szUserName, PChar(FUserName)); strCopy(rdParams.szPassword, PChar(FPassword)); strCopy(rdParams.szEntryName, PChar(FEntryName)); rdParams.szPhoneNumber[0] := #0; rdParams.szCallbackNumber[0] := '*'; rdParams.szDomain := '*'; hRasConn := 0;; dwRet := RasDialA(nil, nil, @rdParams, 0, @RasDialFunc, @hRasConn); if dwRet <> 0 then begin RasGetErrorStringA(dwRet, @Buf[0], SizeOf(Buf)); LogMessage(IntToStr(dwRet) ' ' Buf); Disconnected; end else begin LogMessage('Dialing ''' FEntryName ''''); end; except end; end; begin try DirPath:=ExtractFilePath(ParamStr(0)); f:=TiniFile.Create(DirPath 'conf.ini'); EntryName:=f.ReadString('RasDial','EntryName',''); UserName:=f.ReadString('RasDial','UserName',''); PassWord:=f.ReadString('RasDial','PassWord',''); CheckVisit:=f.ReadBool('RasDial','Visit',False); VisitHost:=f.ReadString('RasDial','Host',''); VisitUrl:=f.ReadString('RasDial','Url',''); VisitParam:=f.ReadString('RasDial','Param',''); f.Free; if not CheckConn(EntryName) then begin Dial(EntryName,UserName,PassWord); end else begin LogMessage('----------' GetIp '----------'); IsConnected:=True; end; while not IsConnected do sleep(1000); except end; end. 然後編譯後產生一個console application， 編寫自己的conf.ini，填入自己的連接名稱，用戶名，密碼等參數 運行該程序，就可以自動撥號了。 網路志工聯盟----Visita網站http://www.vista.org.tw ---[ 發問前請先找找舊文章 ]--- 發表人 - axsoft 於 2003/03/18 11:06:03

開機adsl自動撥號（2）

自動撥號的程序做完了，接下來的任務就是如何建一個服務在開機時運行，並定時檢測網絡 unit Unit1; interface uses Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Classes, Graphics, Controls, SvcMgr, Dialogs,ras,IniFiles; type TAutoDialService = class(TService) procedure ServicePause(Sender: TService; var Paused: Boolean); procedure ServiceContinue(Sender: TService; var Continued: Boolean); procedure ServiceStart(Sender: TService; var Started: Boolean); private { Private declarations } public function GetServiceController: TServiceController; override; { Public declarations } end; type TChildParam=record TrdId:integer; end; var AutoDialService: TAutoDialService; Run:boolean; DirPath,EntryName:string; aRasConn:array [0..10] of TRASCONN; nRasConnCount: DWORD; hRasConn:THRASCONN; RetryInterval:integer; implementation {$R *.DFM} procedure ServiceController(CtrlCode: DWord); stdcall; begin AutoDialService.Controller(CtrlCode); end; function TAutoDialService.GetServiceController: TServiceController; begin Result := ServiceController; end; procedure LogMessage(Msg:string); var LogFile:TextFile; begin AssignFile(LogFile,DirPath 'Log.txt'); Append(LogFile); WriteLn(LogFile,DateTimeToStr(Now) ',' Msg); CloseFile(LogFile); end; procedure GetActiveConn; var dwRet : DWORD; nCB : DWORD; Buf : array [0..255] of Char; begin aRasConn[0].dwSize := SizeOf(aRasConn[0]); nCB := SizeOf(aRasConn); dwRet := RasEnumConnectionsA(@aRasConn, @nCB, @nRasConnCount); if dwRet <> 0 then begin RasGetErrorStringA(dwRet, @Buf[0], SizeOf(Buf)); LogMessage(Buf); end; end; function GetActiveConnHandle(szName : String) : THRASCONN; var I : Integer; begin GetActiveConn; if nRasConnCount > 0 then begin for I := 0 to nRasConnCount - 1 do begin if StrIComp(PChar(szName), aRasConn[I].szEntryName) = 0 then begin Result := aRasConn[I].hRasConn; Exit; end; end; end; Result := 0; end; function CheckConn(FEntryName:string):boolean; begin hRasConn := GetActiveConnHandle(FEntryName); if hRasConn <> 0 then result:=True else Result:=False; end; function ChildThrd(p:Pointer):LongInt;stdcall; var ThreadId:integer; begin Result:=0; ThreadId:=TChildParam(p^).TrdId; while True do begin if Run then begin if not CheckConn(EntryName) then begin WinExec(PChar(DirPath 'AutoDial.exe'),SW_SHOW); end; sleep(RetryInterval); end; end; Dispose(p); end; procedure TAutoDialService.ServicePause(Sender: TService; var Paused: Boolean); begin Run:=False; Paused:=True; end; procedure TAutoDialService.ServiceContinue(Sender: TService; var Continued: Boolean); begin Run:=True; Continued:=True; end; procedure TAutoDialService.ServiceStart(Sender: TService; var Started: Boolean); var hChildThread:Thandle; ChildThreadId:DWord; ChildParam:^TChildParam; f:TIniFile; begin DirPath:=ExtractFilePath(ParamStr(0)); f:=TiniFile.Create(DirPath 'conf.ini'); EntryName:=f.ReadString('RasDial','EntryName',''); RetryInterval:=f.ReadInteger('RasDial','Interval',0)*1000; f.Free; Run:=True; new(ChildParam); ChildParam^.TrdId:=2; hChildThread:=CreateThread(nil,0,@ChildThrd,ChildParam,0,ChildThreadID); end; end. 好了，現在只要重起一下機器後，就能自動撥號了 網路志工聯盟----Visita網站http://www.vista.org.tw ---[ 發問前請先找找舊文章 ]---