你好，我只能回答你2/3的問題，其中開啟的目錄我也不了解怎麼用!

HICON gFinalIcon;

void __fastcall TForm1::GetIconClick(TObject *Sender)
{
SHFILEINFO info;
DWORD a=0;
String path(LabeledEdit1->Text);

char *sz_path = path.c_str();

TIcon *icon=new TIcon;

try
{
a=SHGetFileInfo(sz_path,
0/*FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY*/, //若要找目錄，就把0改成FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY
&info,
sizeof(info),
SHGFI_USEFILEATTRIBUTES|SHGFI_ICON | SHGFI_SHELLICONSIZE |SHGFI_SYSICONINDEX);
if(a!=0)
{
icon->Handle=gFinalIcon=info.hIcon;
ImageList1->AddIcon(icon);
Image1->Picture->Assign(icon); // will auto destroy last handle
}
}
__finally
{
delete icon;
}

}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TForm1::FormDestroy(TObject *Sender)
{
// if(DestroyIcon(gFinalIcon))
// MessageBeep(0);

DestroyIcon(gFinalIcon); //記得還系統，養成好習慣
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

若要找disk icon，只要輸入 c:\ 就找到c的icon，輸入d:\ 就是d的icon。此時SHGetFileInfo的第二參數是0