Delphi6之後,對於本身之環境在ToolsAPI.pas中提供了一系列的interface,藉由這些 Interface可以很輕鬆的完成一些與Delphi IDE有良好互動的Expert    Kuang Cheng兄在 http://forum.vclxx.org/topic.php?TOPIC_ID=8466&FORUM_ID=40&CAT_ID=7 中對於這些Interface 多有描述(有興趣的可以查閱), 在這裡我希望可以藉由Demo讓新手 很容易的進入Expert的世界, 開始時不必對所有Interface有太多了解,只須照做, 因為 Expert只是一個架構, 主要功能之Implement均與一般Delphi程式無異.    首先我們先Create一個Expert空架構,有了此架構以後只須將須要之功能加入Menu, 不須要 有多少額外的知識, 只須集中精神Implement自己所須之功能.    本文將完成此架構,加入一menuItem以Open AboutForm,以後將逐一介紹如何取得Form上之 元件資訊及Unit中Source Code並進行修改.    1. Expert架構

  TDemoExpt = class(TNotifierObject, IOTAWizard)
  private
    FIndex: Integer;
  public
    function GetIDString: string;
    function GetName: string;
    function GetState: TWizardState;
    procedure Execute;
    property Index: Integer read FIndex write fIndex;  //本Expert之index
  end;
var
  Expt: TDemoExpt;    function TDemoExpt.GetName: string; //傳回此Expert之name
begin
  Result:='DemoExpert';
end;    function TDemoExpt.GetIDString: string; //傳回此Expert之辨識字串
begin
  Result:='DemoExpert';
end;    function TDemoExpt.GetState: TWizardState; //傳回Expert Style,由於我們將所有功能
begin                                      //均Implement成MenuItem, 故不傳回任何
  Result:=[];
end;    procedure TDemoExpt.Execute;  //Expert 由MenuItem啟動, 故忽略此項
begin
end;

2. 將此Expert加入Delphi IDE中 BorlandIDEServices為提供IDE環境資訊之interface, 此處用其AddWizard Method將我們的 Expert加入Delphi中

procedure InitActionServices;
begin
  if (BorlandIDEServices <> nil) then
  begin
    Expt := TDemoExpt.Create;
    Expt.Index := (BorlandIDEServices as IOTAWizardServices).AddWizard(Expt as IOTAWizard);
    if Expt.Index < 0 then
      raise Exception.Create('無法Create Expert');
  end;
end;    initialization
  InitActionServices;    3. Delphi結束時Remove此Expert
procedure DoneActionServices;
begin
 if (BorlandIDEServices <> nil) then
  (BorlandIDEServices as IOTAWizardServices).RemoveWizard(Expt.Index);
end;
finalization
  DoneActionServices;    4. 為方便於Delphi Menu之任意位置加入MenuItem先寫一utility function
   此function 與一般程式無異, 直接操作MainMenu       定義menu加入位置
   TInsertAction = (iaBefore, iaAfter, iaChild);    vAction:TInsertAction 加入之MenuItem相對於TargetItem之位置
TargetItem:TMenuItem
aCaption:string 加入之MenuItem之顯示字串
ClickMethod:TNotifyEvent=nil 加入之MenuItem被Click後要執行之method    function InsertMenuAt(vAction:TInsertAction;TargetItem:TMenuItem;
                      aCaption:string;ClickMethod:TNotifyEvent=nil):TMenuItem;
var pmenu:TMenuItem;
    id:integer;
begin
  Result := TMenuItem.Create(nil);
  with Result do begin
    Caption := aCaption;
    onClick:=ClickMethod;
    if vAction = iaChild then
      TargetItem.add(Result)
    else if TargetItem.hasParent then begin
      pmenu:=TargetItem.parent;
      id:=pmenu.indexof(TargetItem);
      if vAction = iaAfter then inc(id);
      pmenu.insert(id, Result);
    end;
  end;
end;    5. 於Delphi Menu--Tools之後加上"MyExpert", 並Create一子menu--"About"
  a. 於Expert中加入此二MenuItem之宣告及menuClick後所要執行之method

  TDemoExpt = class(TNotifierObject, IOTAWizard)
  private
    FIndex: Integer;

    fMMyExpert : TMenuItem;
    fMAbout:TMenuItem;      public        procedure AboutClick(Sender:TObject);        ...
      b.於initial時加入此Menuitem
procedure InitActionServices;
var MainMenu:TMainMenu;
begin
  if (BorlandIDEServices <> nil) then begin
    Expt := TDemoExpt.Create;
    Expt.Index:=(BorlandIDEServices as IOTAWizardServices).AddWizard(Expt as IOTAWizard);
    if Expt.Index < 0 then
      raise Exception.Create('無法Create Expert');

    with Expt do begin
      MainMenu:=(BorlandIDEServices as INTAServices).MainMenu; //取得delphi之menu
//於Delphi menu第9項之後加入menuItem, caption為"MyExpert", 無相關method
      fMMyExpert := InsertMenuAt(iaAfter,MainMenu.items.items[8],'MyExpert');
//於MyExpert之下加入一子MenuItem=="About", click 後執行metho--AboutClick
      fMAbout:= InsertMenuAt(iaChild,fMMyExpert,'About',AboutClick);
    end;      end;
end;
      c. 結束時, Free此MenuItem
[code]
procedure DoneActionServices;
begin
  if (BorlandIDEServices <> nil) then
  begin

    with Expt do begin
      fMAbout.free;     //次序與Create方向相反
      fMMyExpert.free;
    end;

    (BorlandIDEServices as IOTAWizardServices).RemoveWizard(Expt.Index);
  end;
end;

d. about MenuItem Click後執行 procedure TDemoExpt.AboutClick(Sender:TObject); begin with TfmAbout.Create(application.MainForm) do begin showmodal; free; end; end;

附加檔案：00019920_ExpertDemo.dpk